A Brief Introduction to the Advantages and Disadvantages of the Main Treatment Methods for High Salt Wastewater

The treatment methods for high salt wastewater include reverse osmosis, distillation, dilution, etc., and the treatment cost is relatively high. Currently, research and development of biological treatment technology for high salt organic wastewater is underway. The high salt concentration in the wastewater has an inhibitory effect on biological treatment. To adapt to high salt concentration using sludge, microorganisms are screened and domesticated, and the obtained halophilic bacteria can withstand high salinity, making biological treatment of high salt organic wastewater a reality. The overall technical process adopted by the biological treatment technology for high salt organic wastewater is as follows: the wastewater first passes through a regulating tank, then undergoes physical and chemical reactions for pretreatment, and then pre cultured halophilic bacteria are added for biological treatment. Halophilic bacteria are inexpensive and widely available, and can use many organic compounds as carbon sources. Therefore, the use of halophilic bacteria to treat high salinity organic wastewater has broad application prospects.

Faced with high salt wastewater, mainstream treatment methods from both physical, chemical, and biological perspectives include concentration evaporation treatment, membrane permeation desalination, electrolytic desalination, and salt tolerant bacterial biochemical treatment.

1. Advantages of the concentrated evaporation treatment method: large processing quantity, low quality requirements for the treated water, disadvantages: high operating costs.

2. Advantages of membrane permeation treatment method: The principle is very simple and easy to understand, but it is only suitable for the treatment of small amounts of high salt wastewater. Disadvantages: The equipment is relatively expensive, prone to blockage and environmental pollution, and cannot treat large amounts of wastewater.

3. Advantages of electrolytic desalination method: The principle is simple and clear, but it is only suitable for the treatment of small amounts of high salt wastewater. Disadvantages: It can only treat the salt containing categories in the wastewater, and other substances contained in it will cause you to be unable to electrolyze at all.

4. Advantages of biochemical treatment methods for salt tolerant bacteria: relatively low cost, mediocre effect. Disadvantages: very strict requirements for water quality treatment, most affected by organic matter in sewage.

As far as current technology is concerned, only the concentrated evaporation treatment technology can ideally solve the problem of high salt wastewater. However, due to the large amount of heat required for concentrated evaporation, traditional evaporators still have many defects such as inaccurate temperature control and heat transfer loss in the furnace. Although high salt wastewater treatment or zero discharge can be achieved, the operating cost is still very expensive.